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Conducting Research on the Internet and its Governance / Frau-Meigs, Divina in Revue française d'étude américaines, 134 (Trimestrielle)
عنوان : Conducting Research on the Internet and its Governance نوع الوثيقة : نص مطبوع مؤلفين : Frau-Meigs, Divina, مؤلف تاريخ النشر : 2012 مقالة في الصفحة: P03-P19 اللغة : إنكليزي (eng)
in Revue française d'étude américaines > 134 (Trimestrielle) . - P03-P19[مقالة] Conducting Research on the Internet and its Governance [نص مطبوع ] / Frau-Meigs, Divina, مؤلف . - 2012 . - P03-P19.
اللغة : إنكليزي (eng)
in Revue française d'étude américaines > 134 (Trimestrielle) . - P03-P19
عنوان : The Internet and its Governance: A General Bibliography نوع الوثيقة : نص مطبوع تاريخ النشر : 2012 مقالة في الصفحة: P20-P24 اللغة : إنكليزي (eng)
in Revue française d'étude américaines > 134 (Trimestrielle) . - P20-P24[مقالة] The Internet and its Governance: A General Bibliography [نص مطبوع ] . - 2012 . - P20-P24.
اللغة : إنكليزي (eng)
in Revue française d'étude américaines > 134 (Trimestrielle) . - P20-P24
عنوان : Glossary of Key Terms and Notions about Internet Governance نوع الوثيقة : نص مطبوع تاريخ النشر : 2012 مقالة في الصفحة: P25-P28 اللغة : إنكليزي (eng)
in Revue française d'étude américaines > 134 (Trimestrielle) . - P25-P28[مقالة] Glossary of Key Terms and Notions about Internet Governance [نص مطبوع ] . - 2012 . - P25-P28.
اللغة : إنكليزي (eng)
in Revue française d'étude américaines > 134 (Trimestrielle) . - P25-P28
عنوان : The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN): Origins, Stakes and Tensions نوع الوثيقة : نص مطبوع مؤلفين : Pohle ,Julia, مؤلف ; Morganti, Luciano, مؤلف تاريخ النشر : 2012 مقالة في الصفحة: P29-P46 اللغة : إنكليزي (eng) الكلمة المفتاح : ICANN - European Union- Internet resources - Internet standards - DNS structure - Us Department of Commerce- Digital Cold War - ITU - multi-stakeholderism خلاصة : This essay aims to discuss the importance, functions and multi-stakeholder structure of ICANN, the most powerful of the institutions responsible for administering resources and standards for the global Internet. Since its inception, ICANN has been the institution in Internet Governance that has provoked the most heated and controversial debates amongst technicians, politicians, activists and academics. As a private organization operating under Californian law, but of global importance, ICANN has not only been criticized for its lack of democracy, accountability and transparency, but also for its privileged relationship with the US government and the limited influence of other countries on its modus operandi. Recently, the wish of some governments to transfer part of ICANN's functions to a truly intergovernmental organization led to a polarization of the debate around Internet Governance that some regard today as the first sign of a "Digital Cold War." To draw a clearer picture of ICANN's current role in the existing Internet Governance ecology, the essay evaluates the role of the US government and its Department of Commerce in ICANN's history and current situation, and reviews the main points of criticism as well as the various attempts of ICANN to adjust to the demands and needs of its stakeholders.
in Revue française d'étude américaines > 134 (Trimestrielle) . - P29-P46[مقالة] The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN): Origins, Stakes and Tensions [نص مطبوع ] / Pohle ,Julia, مؤلف ; Morganti, Luciano, مؤلف . - 2012 . - P29-P46.
اللغة : إنكليزي (eng)
in Revue française d'étude américaines > 134 (Trimestrielle) . - P29-P46
الكلمة المفتاح : ICANN - European Union- Internet resources - Internet standards - DNS structure - Us Department of Commerce- Digital Cold War - ITU - multi-stakeholderism خلاصة : This essay aims to discuss the importance, functions and multi-stakeholder structure of ICANN, the most powerful of the institutions responsible for administering resources and standards for the global Internet. Since its inception, ICANN has been the institution in Internet Governance that has provoked the most heated and controversial debates amongst technicians, politicians, activists and academics. As a private organization operating under Californian law, but of global importance, ICANN has not only been criticized for its lack of democracy, accountability and transparency, but also for its privileged relationship with the US government and the limited influence of other countries on its modus operandi. Recently, the wish of some governments to transfer part of ICANN's functions to a truly intergovernmental organization led to a polarization of the debate around Internet Governance that some regard today as the first sign of a "Digital Cold War." To draw a clearer picture of ICANN's current role in the existing Internet Governance ecology, the essay evaluates the role of the US government and its Department of Commerce in ICANN's history and current situation, and reviews the main points of criticism as well as the various attempts of ICANN to adjust to the demands and needs of its stakeholders.
عنوان : Net Neutrality as an Internet Governance Issue: The Globalization of an American-Born Debate نوع الوثيقة : نص مطبوع مؤلفين : Musiani,Francesca, مؤلف ; Schafer, Valérie, مؤلف تاريخ النشر : 2012 مقالة في الصفحة: P47-P63 اللغة : إنكليزي (eng) الكلمة المفتاح : net neutrality - internet governance -United States - Europe - infrastructure - industry - democracy خلاصة : Recent evolutions of the Internet and of its global economic value are increasingly placing it at the forefront of economic and political power relations. If the Internet is designed so as to circumvent centralized control, power relations are by no means absent from its management, and pose questions wider than technical evolution. This article introduces and discusses current debates on net neutrality in the frame of broader reflections on Internet governance, seeking to demonstrate how the issue, born as a technical debate on the transport layer-the ways in which data packets circulate in the network-turns into an economic debate concerning the funding of infrastructure and IT industries' respective roles, and ultimately entails questions of fundamental liberties, multi-stakeholder governance, and technical democracy. Furthermore, in order to obtain a better grasp of the United States' past and current role in Internet governance, the article aims to demonstrate how this debate, started as an American one and having reached Europe in the second half of the 2000s, has acquired national connotations that shed light on the various positions in this controversy, at the local and global scales.
in Revue française d'étude américaines > 134 (Trimestrielle) . - P47-P63[مقالة] Net Neutrality as an Internet Governance Issue: The Globalization of an American-Born Debate [نص مطبوع ] / Musiani,Francesca, مؤلف ; Schafer, Valérie, مؤلف . - 2012 . - P47-P63.
اللغة : إنكليزي (eng)
in Revue française d'étude américaines > 134 (Trimestrielle) . - P47-P63
الكلمة المفتاح : net neutrality - internet governance -United States - Europe - infrastructure - industry - democracy خلاصة : Recent evolutions of the Internet and of its global economic value are increasingly placing it at the forefront of economic and political power relations. If the Internet is designed so as to circumvent centralized control, power relations are by no means absent from its management, and pose questions wider than technical evolution. This article introduces and discusses current debates on net neutrality in the frame of broader reflections on Internet governance, seeking to demonstrate how the issue, born as a technical debate on the transport layer-the ways in which data packets circulate in the network-turns into an economic debate concerning the funding of infrastructure and IT industries' respective roles, and ultimately entails questions of fundamental liberties, multi-stakeholder governance, and technical democracy. Furthermore, in order to obtain a better grasp of the United States' past and current role in Internet governance, the article aims to demonstrate how this debate, started as an American one and having reached Europe in the second half of the 2000s, has acquired national connotations that shed light on the various positions in this controversy, at the local and global scales.
عنوان : Narratives of Copyright Enforcement: The Upward Ratchet and the Sleeping Giant نوع الوثيقة : نص مطبوع مؤلفين : Hofmann,Jeanette, مؤلف تاريخ النشر : 2012 مقالة في الصفحة: P64-P80 اللغة : إنكليزي (eng) الكلمة المفتاح : copyright enforcement - Internet - Acta - PIPA FSOPA - TRIPS - discourse analysis خلاصة : This essay intends to retrace briefly two dimensions of copyright enforcement. The first concerns recent legislative efforts, ACTA, PIPA and SOPA. The second dimension addresses the academic interpretation of the dynamics of copyright enforcement. In order to understand both the objectives of ACTA, PIPA and SOPA and the thrust of their analysis, it is helpful to start with TRIPS, the original legislative framework on international copyright enforcement. For each treaty or legislative act, the author outlines the intended provisions and the policy process followed by the salient lines of academic interpretation. With regard to the latter, she demonstrates that the defeat of ACTA, PIPA and SOPA suggests reconsidering basic assumptions inherent in academic narratives of copyright enforcement. A more symmetric approach to the analysis of copyright regulation able to explaining both failures and successes of legislation is required. The article concludes with a few suggestions concerning such an approach.
in Revue française d'étude américaines > 134 (Trimestrielle) . - P64-P80[مقالة] Narratives of Copyright Enforcement: The Upward Ratchet and the Sleeping Giant [نص مطبوع ] / Hofmann,Jeanette, مؤلف . - 2012 . - P64-P80.
اللغة : إنكليزي (eng)
in Revue française d'étude américaines > 134 (Trimestrielle) . - P64-P80
الكلمة المفتاح : copyright enforcement - Internet - Acta - PIPA FSOPA - TRIPS - discourse analysis خلاصة : This essay intends to retrace briefly two dimensions of copyright enforcement. The first concerns recent legislative efforts, ACTA, PIPA and SOPA. The second dimension addresses the academic interpretation of the dynamics of copyright enforcement. In order to understand both the objectives of ACTA, PIPA and SOPA and the thrust of their analysis, it is helpful to start with TRIPS, the original legislative framework on international copyright enforcement. For each treaty or legislative act, the author outlines the intended provisions and the policy process followed by the salient lines of academic interpretation. With regard to the latter, she demonstrates that the defeat of ACTA, PIPA and SOPA suggests reconsidering basic assumptions inherent in academic narratives of copyright enforcement. A more symmetric approach to the analysis of copyright regulation able to explaining both failures and successes of legislation is required. The article concludes with a few suggestions concerning such an approach.
عنوان : The Fifth Estate in Internet Governance: Collective Accountability of a Canadian Policy Initiative نوع الوثيقة : نص مطبوع مؤلفين : Dubois ,Elizabeth, مؤلف ; H. Dutton, William, مؤلف تاريخ النشر : 2012 مقالة في الصفحة: P81-P97 اللغة : إنكليزي (eng) الكلمة المفتاح : fifth estate - networked individuals - Internet governance - political engagement - agenda- setting - framing خلاصة : English The public has seldom played a powerful role in Internet governance. The case of Bill C30, Canadian legislation proposed in 2012 to update policy concerning investigation of Internet use, provides an example of citizens participating online in the shaping of Internet governance and regulation. This paper critically examines the role the Internet played in enabling citizens to influence the fate of C30 as an issue of Internet governance, and in that role provides an example of the dynamics of the 'Fifth Estate', a new social organization formed by networked individuals that is comparable to the press, as the Fourth Estate, of an earlier era. By re-framing the debate from one of crime to one of surveillance and privacy, networked individuals were able to enhance their communicative power in opposing Bill C30. While there is skepticism about the empowerment of networked individuals, and the emergence of a Fifth Estate, this case study points to the significance of both developments. The study also points out the need for more systematic research in a wider variety of economic and political settings worldwide, where the state has been influenced by the collective accountability of networked individuals of the Fifth Estate.
in Revue française d'étude américaines > 134 (Trimestrielle) . - P81-P97[مقالة] The Fifth Estate in Internet Governance: Collective Accountability of a Canadian Policy Initiative [نص مطبوع ] / Dubois ,Elizabeth, مؤلف ; H. Dutton, William, مؤلف . - 2012 . - P81-P97.
اللغة : إنكليزي (eng)
in Revue française d'étude américaines > 134 (Trimestrielle) . - P81-P97
الكلمة المفتاح : fifth estate - networked individuals - Internet governance - political engagement - agenda- setting - framing خلاصة : English The public has seldom played a powerful role in Internet governance. The case of Bill C30, Canadian legislation proposed in 2012 to update policy concerning investigation of Internet use, provides an example of citizens participating online in the shaping of Internet governance and regulation. This paper critically examines the role the Internet played in enabling citizens to influence the fate of C30 as an issue of Internet governance, and in that role provides an example of the dynamics of the 'Fifth Estate', a new social organization formed by networked individuals that is comparable to the press, as the Fourth Estate, of an earlier era. By re-framing the debate from one of crime to one of surveillance and privacy, networked individuals were able to enhance their communicative power in opposing Bill C30. While there is skepticism about the empowerment of networked individuals, and the emergence of a Fifth Estate, this case study points to the significance of both developments. The study also points out the need for more systematic research in a wider variety of economic and political settings worldwide, where the state has been influenced by the collective accountability of networked individuals of the Fifth Estate.
عنوان : Collaborative Internet Governance: Terms and Conditions of Analysis نوع الوثيقة : نص مطبوع مؤلفين : O'Neil , Mathieu, مؤلف تاريخ النشر : 2012 مقالة في الصفحة: P98-P113 اللغة : إنكليزي (eng) الكلمة المفتاح : netroots - distributed governance - collective action - online diffusion - epistemology خلاصة : Online projects are communities of practice which attempt to bypass the hierarchies of everyday life and to create autonomous institutions and forms of organisation. A wealth of theoretical frameworks have been put forward to account for these networked actors' capacity to communicate and self-organise. This article reviews terminology used in Internet research and assesses what it implies for the understanding of regulatory-oriented collective action. In terms of the environment in which interpersonal communication occurs, what differences does it make to speak of "public spheres" or of "public spaces"? In terms of social formations, of "organisations" or "networks"? And in terms of the diffusion of information over the global network, of "contagion" or "trajectories"? Selecting theoretical frames is a momentous decision for researchers, as it authorises or forbids the analysis of different types of behaviour and practices.
in Revue française d'étude américaines > 134 (Trimestrielle) . - P98-P113[مقالة] Collaborative Internet Governance: Terms and Conditions of Analysis [نص مطبوع ] / O'Neil , Mathieu, مؤلف . - 2012 . - P98-P113.
اللغة : إنكليزي (eng)
in Revue française d'étude américaines > 134 (Trimestrielle) . - P98-P113
الكلمة المفتاح : netroots - distributed governance - collective action - online diffusion - epistemology خلاصة : Online projects are communities of practice which attempt to bypass the hierarchies of everyday life and to create autonomous institutions and forms of organisation. A wealth of theoretical frameworks have been put forward to account for these networked actors' capacity to communicate and self-organise. This article reviews terminology used in Internet research and assesses what it implies for the understanding of regulatory-oriented collective action. In terms of the environment in which interpersonal communication occurs, what differences does it make to speak of "public spheres" or of "public spaces"? In terms of social formations, of "organisations" or "networks"? And in terms of the diffusion of information over the global network, of "contagion" or "trajectories"? Selecting theoretical frames is a momentous decision for researchers, as it authorises or forbids the analysis of different types of behaviour and practices.
عنوان : Globalization of the Internet, Sovereignty or Democracy: The Trilemma of the Internet Governance Forum نوع الوثيقة : نص مطبوع مؤلفين : Hwa Ang, Peng, مؤلف ; Pang, Natalie, مؤلف تاريخ النشر : 2012 مقالة في الصفحة: P114-P127 اللغة : إنكليزي (eng) الكلمة المفتاح : internet governance -collective action - global integration globalization IGF خلاصة : As innovations in communication technologies advance and penetration of the Internet grows, the need to reconsider a new mandate for the Internet Governance Forum is approaching a critical threshold. This paper addresses this objective using research concerning globalization and democracy (Chua, 2003), the "trilemmas" of global integration (Rodrik, 2000), and the logic of collective action (Olson, 1971). The paper uses arguments and research from economics, political science and communication theory to answer the question: to what extent are policies and actions for Internet governance achievable? The paper concludes first that governments will have to settle for "thin" globalization of the Internet or choose between sovereignty and democracy; second, the paper concludes that the United States as the still-dominant country on the Internet must stay committed and involved in Internet governance.
in Revue française d'étude américaines > 134 (Trimestrielle) . - P114-P127[مقالة] Globalization of the Internet, Sovereignty or Democracy: The Trilemma of the Internet Governance Forum [نص مطبوع ] / Hwa Ang, Peng, مؤلف ; Pang, Natalie, مؤلف . - 2012 . - P114-P127.
اللغة : إنكليزي (eng)
in Revue française d'étude américaines > 134 (Trimestrielle) . - P114-P127
الكلمة المفتاح : internet governance -collective action - global integration globalization IGF خلاصة : As innovations in communication technologies advance and penetration of the Internet grows, the need to reconsider a new mandate for the Internet Governance Forum is approaching a critical threshold. This paper addresses this objective using research concerning globalization and democracy (Chua, 2003), the "trilemmas" of global integration (Rodrik, 2000), and the logic of collective action (Olson, 1971). The paper uses arguments and research from economics, political science and communication theory to answer the question: to what extent are policies and actions for Internet governance achievable? The paper concludes first that governments will have to settle for "thin" globalization of the Internet or choose between sovereignty and democracy; second, the paper concludes that the United States as the still-dominant country on the Internet must stay committed and involved in Internet governance.
